ASP.NET - Life Cycle

http://www.tutorialspoint.com/asp.net/asp.net_life_cycle.htm

ASP.NET - LIFE CYCLE

ASP.NET life cycle specifies, how:

ASP.NET processes pages to produce dynamic output

The application and its pages are instantiated and processed

ASP.NET compiles the pages dynamically

The ASP.NET life cycle could be divided into two groups:

Application Life Cycle

Page Life Cycle

ASP.NET Application Life Cycle

The application life cycle has the following stages:

User makes a request for accessing application resource, a page. Browser sends this request

to the web server.

A unified pipeline receives the first request and the following events take place:

An object of the class ApplicationManager is created.

An object of the class HostingEnvironment is created to provide information regarding

the resources.

Top level items in the application are compiled.

Response objects are created. The application objects such as HttpContext, HttpRequest and

HttpResponse are created and initialized.

An instance of the HttpApplication object is created and assigned to the request.

The request is processed by the HttpApplication class. Different events are raised by this

class for processing the request.

ASP.NET Page Life Cycle

When a page is requested, it is loaded into the server memory, processed, and sent to the browser.

Then it is unloaded from the memory. At each of these steps, methods and events are available,

which could be overridden according to the need of the application. In other words, you can write

your own code to override the default code.

The Page class creates a hierarchical tree of all the controls on the page. All the components on

the page, except the directives, are part of this control tree. You can see the control tree by adding

trace= "true" to the page directive. We will cover page directives and tracing under 'directives'

and 'event handling'.

The page life cycle phases are:

Initialization

Instantiation of the controls on the page

Restoration and maintenance of the state

Execution of the event handler codes

Page rendering

Understanding the page cycle helps in writing codes for making some specific thing happen at any

stage of the page life cycle. It also helps in writing custom controls and initializing them at right

time, populate their properties with view-state data and run control behavior code.

Following are the different stages of an ASP.NET page:

Page request - When ASP.NET gets a page request, it decides whether to parse and compile

the page, or there would be a cached version of the page; accordingly the response is sent.

Starting of page life cycle - At this stage, the Request and Response objects are set. If the

request is an old request or post back, the IsPostBack property of the page is set to true. The

UICulture property of the page is also set.

Page initialization - At this stage, the controls on the page are assigned unique ID by

setting the UniqueID property and the themes are applied. For a new request, postback data

is loaded and the control properties are restored to the view-state values.

Page load - At this stage, control properties are set using the view state and control state

values.

Validation - Validate method of the validation control is called and on its successful

execution, the IsValid property of the page is set to true.

Postback event handling - If the request is a postback oldrequest, the related event handler

is invoked.

Page rendering - At this stage, view state for the page and all controls are saved. The page

calls the Render method for each control and the output of rendering is written to the

OutputStream class of the Response property of page.

Unload - The rendered page is sent to the client and page properties, such as Response and

Request, are unloaded and all cleanup done.

ASP.NET Page Life Cycle Events

At each stage of the page life cycle, the page raises some events, which could be coded. An event

handler is basically a function or subroutine, bound to the event, using declarative attributes such

as Onclick or handle.

Following are the page life cycle events:

PreInit - PreInit is the first event in page life cycle. It checks the IsPostBack property and

determines whether the page is a postback. It sets the themes and master pages, creates

dynamic controls, and gets and sets profile property values. This event can be handled by

overloading the OnPreInit method or creating a Page_PreInit handler.

Init - Init event initializes the control property and the control tree is built. This event can be

handled by overloading the OnInit method or creating a Page_Init handler.

InitComplete - InitComplete event allows tracking of view state. All the controls turn on

view-state tracking.

LoadViewState - LoadViewState event allows loading view state information into the

controls.

LoadPostData - During this phase, the contents of all the input fields are defined with the

<form> tag are processed.

PreLoad - PreLoad occurs before the post back data is loaded in the controls. This event can

be handled by overloading the OnPreLoad method or creating a Page_PreLoad handler.

Load - The Load event is raised for the page first and then recursively for all child controls.

The controls in the control tree are created. This event can be handled by overloading the

OnLoad method or creating a Page_Load handler.

LoadComplete - The loading process is completed, control event handlers are run, and

page validation takes place. This event can be handled by overloading the OnLoadComplete

method or creating a Page_LoadComplete handler

PreRender - The PreRender event occurs just before the output is rendered. By handling this

event, pages and controls can perform any updates before the output is rendered.

PreRenderComplete - As the PreRender event is recursively fired for all child controls, this

event ensures the completion of the pre-rendering phase.

SaveStateComplete - State of control on the page is saved. Personalization, control state

and view state information is saved. The HTML markup is generated. This stage can be

handled by overriding the Render method or creating a Page_Render handler.

UnLoad - The UnLoad phase is the last phase of the page life cycle. It raises the UnLoad

event for all controls recursively and lastly for the page itself. Final cleanup is done and all

resources and references, such as database connections, are freed. This event can be

handled by modifying the OnUnLoad method or creating a Page_UnLoad handler.

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